&Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp; The functions of several commonly used machining centers in deep carving CNC



(1) Vertical machining center



The spindle of a vertical machining center is in a vertical position. It can complete processes such as milling, boring, drilling, threading, and cutting threads. A vertical machining center should have at least three axes and two linkages, and can generally achieve three axes and three linkages. Some can be controlled with five or six axes, and the process personnel can determine the machining range of the machining center based on the number of axes they simultaneously control< Br/>


The height of the vertical machining center column is limited, and when determining the range of motion of the Z-axis, it is necessary to consider:



① The height of the workpiece< Br/>


② The height of the fixture< Br/>


③ The length of the cutting tool< Br/>


④ The space occupied by changing the tool of the robotic arm< Br/>


After considering the above four situations, the machining range of vertical machining centers for box type workpieces needs to be reduced, which is the weakness of vertical machining centers. But vertical machining centers have the following advantages:



① The workpiece is easy to clamp and can be clamped using universal fixtures such as pliers, pressure plates, indexing heads, rotary workbenches, etc. The clamping and positioning of the workpiece is convenient< Br/>


② The tool movement trajectory is easy to observe, the debugging program is convenient for inspection and measurement, and problems can be detected in a timely manner for shutdown or modification< Br/>


③ Cooling conditions are easy to establish, and the coolant can directly reach the tool and machining surface< Br/>


④ The coordinate system, which includes the X, Y, and Z axes, is aligned with the Cartesian coordinate system, providing a visual and visual consistency with the drawing perspective< Br/>


⑤ Chips are easy to remove and fall off, to avoid scratching the processed surface with chips< Br/>


⑥ The structure generally adopts a single column type. Compared with the corresponding horizontal machining center, it has a simple structure, a smaller footprint, and a lower price< Br/>


The vertical machining center (Figure 5-1) is most suitable for machining workpieces with relatively small dimensions in the Z-axis direction. Generally, except for the bottom surface that cannot be machined, the other five surfaces can be contour and surface machined with different tools< Br/>
&Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& Nbsp& NBy transporting the track, the processed workpiece can be moved out of the processing area along with the workbench (pallet), and then the workbench (pallet) containing the workpiece to be processed can be sent to the processing area. This interchangeable workbench can be set up multiple times to achieve multi workbench processing. Its advantage is that it can achieve online clamping, that is, while processing, the worktable below can load and unload workpieces. In addition, workpieces to be processed can be installed on other workbenches. After starting the machine tool, automatic processing of this batch of workpieces can be completed. The workpieces on the worktable can be the same or different. This can all be handled by the program. There are both vertical and horizontal multi stage machining centers. Both vertical and horizontal types have complex structures, large tool storage capacity, large machine tool footprint, and comprehensive control system functions. Fast computing speed and large memory capacity. We use the most advanced CNC systems, so the prices are expensive< Br/>


(4) Composite machining center



Composite machining center, also known as multi face machining center, refers to equipment that can complete the machining of multiple faces after one clamping of the workpiece. The existing five sided machining center can complete the machining of five surfaces except for the installation bottom surface after one clamping of the workpiece. This type of machining center combines the functions of both vertical and horizontal machining centers, ensuring the positional tolerance of the workpiece during the machining process. There are two common forms of five sided machining centers, one is spindle rotation or corresponding angle rotation, which can become vertical machining centers or horizontal machining centers. Another method is to rotate the worktable with the workpiece and achieve five sided machining without changing the direction of the spindle. Regardless of the type of five sided machining center, there are drawbacks such as complex structure and high cost< Br/>


The functions of a five sided machining center are more extensive than those of a multi stage machining center, and the control system is advancedIts price is about twice that of multi station machining centers with the same workbench size< Br/>
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